Stage 2 Cervical Cancer Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Describetwofurther Cuesthatcanbe Collectedto ConfirmAnas Diagnosis.Explainhow these Cuescanbeusedto Informthe Diagnosis. 2.Describe the Anatomy and Pathology of Ana's Condition, relate it to the Signs and Symptoms that she has Experienced, and describe what it means to be in 'Stage 2 this relates to the recall part of the Clinical 3.Describe the Goal of Care related to this Issue and the Nursing actions that you will take for a positive health out come for Ana, referencing guidelines and literature as appropriate. Answers: 1.The pap smear test is a screening test and not considered as a diagnostic test. Therefore, two further diagnostic cues that can be done to confirm Anas diagnosis are colposcopy test with biopsy and cone biopsy. The colposcopy test is done to find the abnormal areas in the cervix after the pap smear confirms the abnormal cells in the cervix. It is useful in diagnosing the cervical pre-cancers and cancers. As the pap smear test of Ana showed abnormal cells in the cervix, the colposcopy test is the best method to confirm if the abnormal cells are pre-cancerous, true-cancerous or neither (Tewari et al. 2015). Cone biopsy is used as a diagnostic measure to confirm the pre-cancers and cancers. The pre-cancerous changes that would be seen in the biopsy are called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) rated on a scale of 1 to 3 based on the appearance of the cervical tissue seen under the microscope (Ramos et al. 2015). 2.The symptoms of cervical cancer are not visible until the cancer becomes invasive and starts growing in the nearby tissue. Ana is diagnosed with the stage 2 cervical cancer. In this, cancer spreads beyond the uterus; however, it does not spread to the pelvic wall or the lower third half of the vagina. In the given case study, Anas symptoms align with the symptoms of cervical cancer like abnormal vaginal bleeding and spotting between the periods and pain during sex (Donovan et al. 2014). While taking into account the patent education and to teach Ana about the anatomy and pathology of cervical cancer, the stage of the clinical reasoning model called the collecting cues or information can be used. Under this stage, firstly, review of the current information is done based on the patient history, reports and investigations done to confirm the cervical cancer and its stage. Secondly, there is gathering of new information is done where the patient is assessed based on the assessment done. Thirdly, there is recalling of knowledge where the Ana is being educated about the pathology, anatomy and epidemiology of the disease (Li et al. 2014). Therefore, by using the recalling of information stage, Ana is being educated that her cancer might have been caused due to human papilloma virus (HPV) and this has manifested the symptoms of cervical cancer in her. 3.Stage 2 cervical cancer is best treated and managed by a combination of chemotherapy with radiotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma. The best treatment option in practice for the stage 2 cervical cancer is the combined external beam radiation with brachytherapy (EBR). In this, the external beam of the radiation is placed within the cervix that allows passing a high dose of radiation to the cancer cells and reducing the intensity of radiation to the surrounding normal cells and tissues. It delivers the X-rays of high energy through a machine called linear accelerator. The radiation can be delivered from any angle and directs the beams towards the tumor. It targets the tumor with precision and reduces the damage that can be caused to the nearby cells and tissues. Therefore, it reduces the side effects that are associated with the traditional radiotherapy. It can be performed through an outpatient procedure and course completed in 4 to 6 weeks (de la Puente and Azab 2014). The nursing issue that might arise due to the treatment in Ana is the psycho-social issue. She is highly concerned about the impact of the disease on the For the positive health outcomes, the goal of care is to provide the psychosocial support to Ana so that she has proper recovery and respond to the treatment and medication. The goal of care in nursing action is to maintain the good quality of life and to prolong the survival of Ana with better health outcomes. After from pain relief, psychosocial support is provided to the patient to reduce the distress and anxiety that Ana is worrying thinking about her quality of life after the treatment. The psychosocial intervention like cognitive behavioral therapy is non-pharmacological interventions that can be provided to Ana (Aldaz et al. 2016). It would help her to change her pattern of thinking that is behind her difficulty that she is facing because of her treatment after the diagnosis of cervical cancer. It would also help to change he r feeling of anxiety and distress thinking about her quality of life after treatment. The nurse should also motivate her so that she gains resilience and life her life with positive health outcomes. References Aldaz, B.E., Treharne, G.J., Knight, R.G., Conner, T.S. and Perez, D., 2016. Oncology healthcare professionals perspectives on the psychosocial support needs of cancer patients during oncology treatment.Journal of health psychology, p.1359105315626999. de la Puente, P. and Azab, A.K., 2014. Delivery systems for brachytherapy.Journal of Controlled Release,192, pp.19-28. Donovan, K.A., Boyington, A.R., Judson, P.L. and Wyman, J.F., 2014. Bladder and bowel symptoms in cervical and endometrial cancer survivors.Psycho?Oncology,23(6), pp.672-678. Li, Q., Feng, J., Wang, L., Chu, H. and Fu, W., 2014, September. Knowledge reasoning model to support clinical decision making. InInternational Conference on Information Technology in Bio-and Medical Informatics(pp. 75-78). Springer International Publishing. Ramos, A.M.G., Ramos, E.S.G., dos Reis, H.L.B. and de Rezende, R.B., 2015. Quality evaluation of cone biopsy specimens obtained by large loop excision of the transformation zone.Journal of clinical medicine research,7(4), pp.220-224. Tewari, P.P., White, C.W., Kelly, L.K., Kearney, P.K., Pilkington, L.K., DArcy, T.D., Murphy, C.M., Anglim, M.A., Farah, N.F., McCarthy, O.M. and Cleary, S.C., 2015. Comparative Assessment of HPV Detection Assays in the Management of Women Referred to Colposcopy with Minor Abnormalities.The Journal of Pathology,237, p.S28.